Main symbols Bantuan:IPA

The symbols are arranged by similarity to letters of the Latin alphabet. Symbols which do not resemble any Latin letter are placed at the end.

Symbol	Examples	Description
^ top A
Templat:Audio-pipe	Spanish casa, French patte, German Mann	For many English speakers, the first part of the ow sound in cow. Found in some dialects of English in cat or father.
Templat:Audio-pipe	German Aachen, French gare	Long [a].
Templat:Audio-pipe	RP cut, German Kaiserslautern	(With English, [ɐ] is normally written "[ʌ]".)
Templat:Audio-pipe	Finnish Linna, Dutch bad
Templat:Audio-pipe	RP father, French pâte	Long [ɑ].
[ ɑ̃ ]	French Caen, sans, temps	Nasalized [ɑ].
Templat:Audio-pipe	RP cot	Like [ɑ], but with the lips slightly rounded.
Templat:Audio-pipe		Like [ɔ], but without the lips being rounded. (When "[ʌ]" is used for English, it may really be [ɐ] or [ɜ].)
Templat:Audio-pipe	RP cat
^ top B
Templat:Audio-pipe	English babble
Templat:Audio-pipe	Swahili bwana	Like a [b] said with a gulp.
Templat:Audio-pipe		Like the brrr sound made when cold.
Templat:Audio-pipe	Spanish la Bamba	Like [b], but with the lips not quite touching.
^ top C
Templat:Audio-pipe	Turkish kebap "kebab", Czech stín "shadow", Greek και "and"	Between English tune (RP) and cute. Sometimes used instead for [tʃ] in languages like Hindi.
Templat:Audio-pipe	German Ich	More y-like than [x]. Some English speakers have a similar sound in huge. To produce this sound, try whispering loudly the word "ye" as in "Hear ye!".
Templat:Audio-pipe	Mandarin Xi'an, Polish ściana	More y-like than [ʃ]; something like English she.
Templat:Audio-pipe	see under O
^ top D
Templat:Audio-pipe	English dad
Templat:Audio-pipe	Swahili Dodoma	Like [d] said with a gulp.
Templat:Audio-pipe	American English harder	Like [d] with the tongue curled or pulled back.
Templat:Audio-pipe	English the, bathe
Templat:Audio-pipe 1	English adze, Italian zero
Templat:Audio-pipe 1	English judge
Templat:Audio-pipe 1	Polish niedźwiedź "bear"	Like [dʒ], but with more of a y-sound.
Templat:Audio-pipe 1	Polish dżem "jam"	Like [dʒ] with the tongue curled or pulled back.
^ top E
Templat:Audio-pipe	Spanish fe; French clé
Templat:Audio-pipe	German Klee	Long [e]. Similar to English hey, before the y sets in.
Templat:Audio-pipe	English above, Hindi ठग [ʈʰəɡ] (thug) "thief"	(Only occurs in English when not stressed.)
[ ɚ ]	American English runner
Templat:Audio-pipe	English bet
[ ɛ̃ ]	French Agen, vin, main; Polish mięso	Nasalized [ɛ].
Templat:Audio-pipe	RP bird (long)
[ ɝ ]	American English bird
^ top F
Templat:Audio-pipe	English fun
Templat:Audio-pipe	see under J
Templat:Audio-pipe	see under J
^ top G
Templat:Audio-pipe	English gag	(Should look like . No different from a Latin "g")
Templat:Audio-pipe	Swahili Uganda	Like [ɡ] said with a gulp.
Templat:Audio-pipe		Like [ɡ], but further back, in the throat. Found in some Arabic dialects for /q/, as in Gaddafi.
Templat:Audio-pipe	see under Z	English beige.
^ top H
Templat:Audio-pipe	American English house
Templat:Audio-pipe	English ahead, when said quickly.
[ ʰ ]		The extra puff of air in English top [tʰɒp] compared to stop [stɒp], or to French or Spanish [t].
Templat:Audio-pipe	Arabic محمد Muhammad	Far down in the throat, like [h], but stronger.
Templat:Audio-pipe	see under U
[ ɮ ]	see under L
^ top I
Templat:Audio-pipe	French ville, Spanish Valladolid
Templat:Audio-pipe	English sea	Long [i].
Templat:Audio-pipe	English sit
Templat:Audio-pipe	Russian ты "you"	Often used for unstressed English roses.
^ top J
Templat:Audio-pipe	English yes, German Junge
[ ʲ ]	Russian Ленин [ˈlʲenʲɪn]	Indicates a sound is more y-like.
Templat:Audio-pipe	Spanish cayo (some dialects)	Like [j], but stronger.
Templat:Audio-pipe	Turkish gör "see", Czech díra "hole"	Between English dew (RP) and argue. Sometimes used instead for [dʒ] in languages like Hindi.
Templat:Audio-pipe	Swahili jambo	Like [ɟ] said with a gulp.
^ top K
Templat:Audio-pipe	English kick, skip
^ top L
Templat:Audio-pipe	English leaf
Templat:Audio-pipe	English wool Russian малый [ˈmɑɫɨj] "small"	"Dark" el.
Templat:Audio-pipe	Welsh llwyd [ɬʊɪd] "grey" Zulu hlala [ɬaːla] "sit"	Rather like [l] and [ʃ] or [l] and [θ] said together. Found in Welsh names like Lloyd and Llywelyn and Nelson Mandela's Xhosa name Rolihlahla.
Templat:Audio-pipe		Like [l] with the tongue curled or pulled back.
Templat:Audio-pipe		A flapped [l], like [l] and [ɾ] said together.
Templat:Audio-pipe	Zulu dla "eat"	Rather like [l] and [ʒ], or [l] and [ð], said together.
^ top M
Templat:Audio-pipe	English mime
Templat:Audio-pipe	English symphony	Like [m], but lips touch teeth as they do in [f].
[ ɯ ]	see under W
Templat:Audio-pipe	see under W
^ top N
Templat:Audio-pipe	English nun
Templat:Audio-pipe	English sing
Templat:Audio-pipe	Spanish Peña, French champagne	Rather like English canyon.
Templat:Audio-pipe	Hindi वरुण [ʋəruɳ] "Varuna"	Like [n] with the tongue curled or pulled back.
Templat:Audio-pipe	Castilian Spanish Don Juan [doɴˈχwan]	Like [ŋ], but further back, in the throat.
^ top O
Templat:Audio-pipe	Spanish no, French eau
Templat:Audio-pipe	German Boden, French Vosges	Long [o]. Somewhat reminiscent of English no.
Templat:Audio-pipe	German Oldenburg, French Garonne
Templat:Audio-pipe	RP law, French Limoges	Long [ɔ].
[ ɔ̃ ]	French Lyon, son; Polish wąż	Nasalized [ɔ].
Templat:Audio-pipe	French feu, bœufs	Like [e], but with the lips rounded like [o].
Templat:Audio-pipe	German Goethe, French Deûle, neutre	Long [ø].
Templat:Audio-pipe	Swedish dum	Halfway between [o] and [ø]. Similar to [ʊ] but with the tongue slightly more down and front.
Templat:Audio-pipe	French bœuf, seul, German Göttingen	Like [ɛ], but with the lips rounded like [ɔ].
Templat:Audio-pipe	French œuvre, heure	Long [œ].
[ œ̃ ]	French brun, parfum	Nasalized [œ].
Templat:Audio-pipe	see under other
Templat:Audio-pipe	see under other
^ top P
Templat:Audio-pipe	English pip, spit
^ top Q
Templat:Audio-pipe	Arabic Qur’ān	Like [k], but further back, in the throat.
^ top R
Templat:Audio-pipe	Spanish perro, Scots borrow	"Rolled R". (Generally used for English [ɹ] when there's no need to be precise.)
Templat:Audio-pipe	Spanish pero, Tagalog daliri, Malay kabar, American English kitty/kiddie	"Flapped R".
Templat:Audio-pipe		A trill in the back of the throat. Found for /r/ in some conservative registers of French.
Templat:Audio-pipe	Hindi साड़ी [sɑːɽiː] "sari"	Like flapped [ɾ], but with the tongue curled back.
Templat:Audio-pipe	RP borrow
Templat:Audio-pipe	American English borrow, butter	Like [ɹ], but with the tongue curled or pulled back, as pronounced by many English speakers.
Templat:Audio-pipe	French Paris, German Riemann	Said back in the throat, but not trilled.
^ top S
Templat:Audio-pipe	English sass
Templat:Audio-pipe	English shoe
Templat:Audio-pipe	Mandarin Shàolín, Russian Пушкин (Pushkin)	Acoustically similar to [ʃ], but with the tongue curled or pulled back.
^ top T
Templat:Audio-pipe	English tot, stop
Templat:Audio-pipe	Hindi ठग [ʈʰəɡ] (thug) "thief"	Like [t], but with the tongue curled or pulled back.
Templat:Audio-pipe 2	English cats, Russian царь tsar
Templat:Audio-pipe 2	English church
Templat:Audio-pipe 2	Mandarin 北京 Templat:Audio-pipe, Polish ciebie "you"	Like [tʃ], but with more of a y-sound.
Templat:Audio-pipe 2	Mandarin zh, Polish czas	Like [tʃ] with the tongue curled or pulled back .
^ top U
Templat:Audio-pipe	French vous "you"
Templat:Audio-pipe	French Rocquencourt, German Schumacher, close to RP food	Long [u].
Templat:Audio-pipe	English foot, German Bundesrepublik
Templat:Audio-pipe	Australian English food (long)	Like [ɨ], but with the lips rounded as for [u].
Templat:Audio-pipe	French lui	Like [j] and [w] said together.
Templat:Audio-pipe	see under W
^ top V
Templat:Audio-pipe	English verve
Templat:Audio-pipe	Hindi वरुण [ʋəruɳə] "Varuna"	Between [v] and [w]. Used by some Germans and Russians for v/w, and by some speakers of British English for r.
Templat:Audio-pipe	Arabic / Swahili ghali "expensive", Spanish suegro	Sounds rather like French [ʁ] or between [g] and [h].
Templat:Audio-pipe	Mandarin Hénán	Like [o] but without the lips rounded, something like a cross of [ʊ] and [ʌ].
[ ʌ ]	see under A
^ top W
Templat:Audio-pipe	English wow
[ ʷ ]	English rain [ɹʷeɪn]	Indicates a sound has lip rounding, quick.
Templat:Audio-pipe	what (some dialects)	like [h] and [w] said together
Templat:Audio-pipe	Turkish kayık "caïque"	Like [u], but with the lips flat; something like [ʊ].
Templat:Audio-pipe	Spanish agua
^ top X
Templat:Audio-pipe	Scottish English loch, German Bach, Russian хороший [xɐˈroʂɨj] "good", Spanish joven	between [k] and [h]
Templat:Audio-pipe	northern Standard Dutch Scheveningen, Castilian Spanish Don Juan [doɴˈχwan]	Like [x], but further back , in the throat. Some German and Arabic speakers have [χ] for [x].
^ top Y
Templat:Audio-pipe	French rue	Like [i], but with the lips rounded as for [u].
Templat:Audio-pipe	German Bülow, French sûr	Long [y].
Templat:Audio-pipe	German Eisenhüttenstadt	Like [ɪ], but with the lips rounded as for [ʊ].
Templat:Audio-pipe	Italian tagliatelle	Like [l], but more y-like. Rather like English volume.
Templat:Audio-pipe	see under U
Templat:Audio-pipe	see under V
[ ɣ ]	see under V
^ top Z
Templat:Audio-pipe	English zoos
Templat:Audio-pipe	English vision, French journal
Templat:Audio-pipe	formal Russian жжёшь [ʑːoʂ] "you burn", Polish źle	More y-like than [ʒ], something like beigey.
Templat:Audio-pipe	Mandarin 人民日报 Rénmín Rìbào "People's Daily", Russian жир "fat"	Like [ʒ] with the tongue curled or pulled back .
[ ɮ ]	see under L
^ top other
Templat:Audio-pipe	English thigh, bath
Templat:Audio-pipe	Japanese 富士 [ɸɯdʑi] Fuji	Like [p], but with the lips not quite touching
Templat:Audio-pipe	English uh-oh, Hawai‘i, German die Angst	The 'glottal stop', a catch in the breath. For some people, found in button [ˈbʌʔn̩], or between vowels across words: Deus ex machina [ˌdeɪəsˌʔɛksˈmɑːkɨnə]; in some nonstandard dialects, in a apple [ʌˈʔæpl̩].
Templat:Audio-pipe	Arabic عربي (carabī) "Arabic"	A light sound deep in the throat.
Templat:Audio-pipe	English tsk-tsk! or tut-tut!, Zulu icici "earring"	(The English click used for disapproval.) Several distinct sounds, written as digraphs, including [ kǀ ], [ ɡǀ ], [ ŋǀ ]. The Zimbabwean MP Ncube has this click in his name, as did Cetshwayo.
Templat:Audio-pipe	English tchick! tchick!, Zulu ixoxo "frog"	(The English click used to urge on a horse.) Several distinct sounds, written as digraphs, including [ kǁ ], [ ɡǁ ], [ ŋǁ ]. Found in the name of the Xhosa.
Templat:Audio-pipe	Zulu iqaqa "polecat"	(The English click used to imitate the trotting of a horse.) A hollow popping sound, like a cork pulled from a bottle. Several distinct sounds, written as digraphs, including [ kǃ ], [ ɡǃ ], [ ŋǃ ].

↑1 ↑2 These symbols are officially written with a tie linking them (e.g. t͡ʃ), and are also sometimes written as single characters (e.g. ʧ) though the latter convention is no longer official. They are written without ligatures here to ensure correct display in all browsers.